110th Ohio Infantry ​in the American Civil War

Overview

The 110th Ohio Infantry (Three Years’ Service) was an infantry regiment from Ohio that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Organized at Camp Piqua and mustered in on October 3, 1862, the regiment served primarily in the Eastern Theater. The 110th Ohio Infantry participated in numerous campaigns and engagements, earning distinction for its service and sustaining significant casualties throughout its term.

This regiment served for three years and was mustered out on June 25, 1865.

Organization & Service

The 110th Ohio Infantry (Three Years’ Service) was organized at Camp Piqua, Ohio, and mustered into service on October 3, 1862. Shortly after organization, the regiment moved by railroad to Zanesville, then by steamer to Marietta, and from there by railroad to Parkersburg, West Virginia. The regiment was assigned to various duties in Virginia until the spring of 1863, including several small engagements near Winchester.

In November 1863, the regiment was present at Brandy Station, where it captured between 30 and 40 prisoners. During the Mine Run campaign, four companies detached as train guards took a prominent role, suffering 5 killed and 20 wounded. The regiment spent the winter at Brandy Station and, in May 1864, crossed the Rapidan River to participate in the Battle of the Wilderness, where it suffered heavy losses on the first day. The regiment then moved through Chancellorsville to the vicinity of Spotsylvania Court House, engaging in fortifying and skirmishing until mid-May, when it crossed the Ny River and occupied enemy works.

The 110th Ohio Infantry was engaged at Cold Harbor in June 1864, where it was in the front line during the assault and suffered further casualties. The regiment participated in the initial assaults on Petersburg and was later transported to Maryland in time for the Battle of Monocacy, where it incurred additional losses. In August, the regiment was involved in skirmishes near Cedar Creek and, in September, crossed the Opequon to participate in the battle there, charging the enemy three times and being among the first to occupy the heights at Winchester. The regiment continued in pursuit of Confederate forces, engaging at Fisher’s Hill and capturing artillery and prisoners.

On October 19, 1864, the 110th Ohio Infantry fought at Cedar Creek, playing an active role in the Union counterattack. In the spring of 1865, the regiment returned to Petersburg, participating in the assault on Confederate picket lines on March 25 and again on April 2, helping to capture fortifications, prisoners, and guns. The regiment pursued the retreating Confederate army, engaging at Sailor’s Creek, and continued until the surrender of General Lee. The 110th Ohio Infantry was mustered out of service on June 25, 1865.

Engagements & Campaigns

• Operations near Winchester, Virginia (Spring 1863)
• Brandy Station (November 1863)
• Mine Run Campaign
• Battle of the Wilderness (May 1864)
• Spotsylvania Court House
• Cold Harbor
• Petersburg (June 1864 and Spring 1865)
• Battle of Monocacy
• Skirmishes near Cedar Creek (August 1864)
• Battle of Opequon (Third Winchester)
• Fisher’s Hill
• Battle of Cedar Creek (October 19, 1864)
• Assaults on Petersburg (March 25 and April 2, 1865)
• Sailor’s Creek
• Pursuit to Appomattox and surrender of Lee

Casualties

During its service, the 110th Ohio Infantry sustained a total loss in killed, wounded, and missing of 795 men. Specific battle losses include:

• Mine Run campaign: 5 killed, 20 wounded
• Battle of the Wilderness: 19 killed, 88 wounded, 11 missing
• Cold Harbor: 5 killed, 34 wounded
• Battle of Monocacy: 4 killed, 74 wounded, 52 missing
• Battle of Cedar Creek: 5 killed, 29 wounded, 2 missing

Some details are incomplete in surviving primary sources.

Field Officers & Commanders

• Colonel J. Warren Keifer
• Lieutenant Colonel William N. Foster
• Lieutenant Colonel Otho H. Binkley
• Major William S. McElwain
• Major Aaron Spangler

Regimental Roster

The complete roster of the 110th Ohio Infantry (Three Years’ Service), including officers and enlisted men, is available on the regiment’s roster page. This resource provides names, ranks, and service details for those who served in the unit.

To view the full roster, visit the 110th Ohio Infantry (Three Years’ Service) Roster page.

Sources & References

• Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, various volumes
• Ohio Roster Commission, Official Roster of the Soldiers of the State of Ohio in the War of the Rebellion
• Dyer, Frederick H., A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion
• Fox, William F., Regimental Losses in the American Civil War
• The Union Army, Vol. 2 (Federal Publishing Company, 1908)