Overview
The 106th New York Infantry (Three Years’ Service) was an infantry regiment organized at Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence County, New York, and mustered into United States service for three years on August 27, 1862. The regiment served in the Union Army, primarily in the Eastern Theater, and was known for its extensive combat record, earning recognition as one of Fox’s “three hundred fighting regiments.”
The 106th New York participated in numerous major campaigns and battles, including actions in West Virginia, Virginia, and Maryland. The regiment mustered out at Washington, D.C., on June 22 and 27, 1865.
Organization & Service
The 106th New York Infantry was organized at Ogdensburg and mustered into service on August 27, 1862. The regiment left New York the following day and was initially assigned to the Railroad Division, 8th Corps, Middle Department. Shortly after, it was ordered to New Creek, West Virginia, for duty.
On April 29, 1863, Companies D and F were captured at Fairmount, West Virginia, after defending a railroad bridge for several hours against a superior Confederate force; the captured men were paroled soon after. In June 1863, the regiment withdrew from North Mountain before the advance of Lee’s army and joined the Army of the Potomac near Frederick, Maryland, on July 10, 1863. It was then organized into the 3rd Division (Carr’s) of the 3rd Corps. In March 1864, this division was transferred to the 6th Corps under General Ricketts.
While serving with the 6th Corps, the 106th New York saw heavy action, including at Cold Harbor, where it suffered significant casualties, including the loss of Lieutenant Colonel Charles Townsend and three other officers. The regiment was later sent to Maryland and fought at Monocacy, sustaining further losses. It remained active in the Shenandoah Valley, participating in all major engagements of the corps, and later returned to Petersburg for the final campaign of the war. The regiment was mustered out at Washington, D.C., on June 22 and 27, 1865.
Research This Regiment Further
If you’d like to explore this unit’s history in more depth, regimental histories and Civil War reference works offer valuable detail.
Engagements & Campaigns
- Fairmount, West Virginia (April 29, 1863)
- Martinsburg, West Virginia
- Culpeper, Virginia
- Mine Run Campaign
- Wilderness, Virginia
- Spotsylvania, Virginia
- North Anna River, Virginia
- Totopotomoy, Virginia
- Cold Harbor, Virginia
- First Assault on Petersburg, Virginia
- Weldon Railroad, Virginia
- Monocacy, Maryland
- Charlestown, West Virginia
- Opequon (Third Winchester), Virginia
- Fisher’s Hill, Virginia
- Cedar Creek, Virginia
- Fall of Petersburg, Virginia
- Sailor’s Creek, Virginia
- Wapping Heights, Virginia
- Siege of Petersburg, Virginia
- Hatcher’s Run, Virginia
- Appomattox, Virginia
Casualties
- Killed or died of wounds: 10 officers, 127 enlisted men
- Died of disease, accident, etc.: 4 officers, 166 enlisted men
- Total deaths: 307
- Died in Confederate prisons: 52 enlisted men
- Total enrollment: 1,367
- Approximately 10% killed in action
Field Officers & Commanders
- Colonel Schuyler F. Judd
- Colonel Edward C. James
- Colonel Frederick E. Embrick
- Colonel Lewis F. Barney
- Colonel Andrew N. McDonald
- Lieutenant Colonel Edward C. James
- Lieutenant Colonel Frederick E. Embrick
- Lieutenant Colonel Charles Townsend
- Lieutenant Colonel Andrew N. McDonald
- Lieutenant Colonel Henry C. Allen
- Lieutenant Colonel A. W. Briggs
- Major Charles Townsend
- Major Andrew N. McDonald
- Major Edward M. Paine
- Major Henry C. Allen
- Major William P. Huxford
Regimental Roster
The full roster of the 106th New York Infantry (Three Years’ Service), including officers and enlisted men, is available for genealogical and historical research. The roster provides names, ranks, and additional service details where available.
To view the complete roster, visit the 106th New York Infantry (Three Years’ Service) Roster page.
Sources & References
- Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, various volumes and parts
- New York State Adjutant General’s Report
- Dyer, Frederick H., A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion
- Fox, William F., Regimental Losses in the American Civil War
- The Union Army, Federal Publishing Company, 1908, Volume 2