Indiana in the American Civil War

Overview

Indiana played a significant role in the American Civil War as a Union state, contributing large numbers of troops and resources to the war effort. The state’s population generally supported the Union cause, and Indiana’s government acted quickly to mobilize men and supplies following the outbreak of hostilities in 1861. Indiana’s regiments served in numerous theaters, including the Western and Eastern fronts, and the state’s railroads and agricultural output supported Union logistics.

While Indiana itself was not the site of major battles, it experienced Confederate raids and internal political tensions. The state’s soldiers participated in key campaigns, and Indiana’s leadership, including Governor Oliver P. Morton, was noted for its strong support of the Union war effort.

Background

Prior to the Civil War, Indiana was a free state with a largely agricultural economy and growing urban centers. The political climate was marked by strong Unionist sentiment, though there were divisions, particularly among southern Indiana residents with ties to the South. The state legislature and Governor Morton responded rapidly to President Lincoln’s call for volunteers, organizing recruitment and equipping regiments. Indiana’s geographic position made it a key contributor to Union armies operating in the Western Theater.

Military Contributions

Indiana furnished a substantial number of troops to the Union Army, including infantry, cavalry, and artillery regiments. Estimates of total regiments raised vary by source, but Indiana is generally credited with providing over 120 infantry regiments, more than a dozen cavalry regiments, and multiple batteries of artillery. Indiana units served in major campaigns such as Shiloh, Chickamauga, Atlanta, and the March to the Sea. The state also organized home guard and militia units for local defense and to counter Confederate raids.

Regiments Raised in Indiana

Select a regiment below to view a summary and links to related battles and rosters.

No regiments available yet.

Battles & Campaigns

• Morgan’s Raid (IN, 1863)

Some engagements associated with Indiana remain unclear in surviving primary sources.

Notable Commanders from Indiana

• Major General Lew Wallace – Commanded Union forces at the Battle of Monocacy and served in the Western Theater.
• Brigadier General Mahlon D. Manson – Led Indiana regiments in several Western campaigns.
• Brigadier General Jefferson C. Davis – Served in the Army of the Cumberland and participated in major campaigns.

Official Records References

• Official Records, Series I, Volumes VII, X, XVI, XXIII, and others: Reports involving Indiana troops.
• Adjutant General’s Report of Indiana.
• Dyer’s “Compendium of the War of the Rebellion.”