Overview
The 22nd Ohio Infantry (Three Months’ Service) was an infantry regiment organized in Ohio for state service at the outset of the Civil War. Mustered in for a three-month term in the spring of 1861, the regiment was composed of companies recruited from several Ohio towns and counties. The unit served primarily in western Virginia (now West Virginia), performing guard and security duties in a region threatened by Confederate activity. The 22nd Ohio Infantry (Three Months’ Service) was not attached to any larger army formation and operated independently during its brief term.
Organization & Service
The companies of the 22nd Ohio Infantry (Three Months’ Service) were enrolled between April 13 and May 12, 1861, at various locations: Company A at Chillicothe (April 16), Company B at Athens (April 21), Company C at Chillicothe (April 21), Company D at Athens (April 13 to May 2), Company E at Batavia (April 23), Company F at Washington Court House (April 20), Company G at Portsmouth (May 4 to 12), Company H at Athens (April 13 to May 2), Company I at Felicity (April 24), and Company K at Greenfield (April 26). The companies assembled at Camp Jackson in Columbus, Ohio. Due to the state’s quota for federal troops being filled, the regiment was mustered into state service for three months rather than federal service.
On May 30, 1861, the regiment departed Camp Jackson for Parkersburg, (West) Virginia. En route, a railroad accident near Raysville, Vinton County, resulted in the deaths of four men and serious injuries to fourteen others, who did not return to duty. Upon arrival at Parkersburg, the regiment fortified Jackson’s Hill and guarded the Kanawha River bridge. After several days, the unit moved to Burning Spring and Elizabethtown to protect Union citizens and property, dispersing marauding bands and sending the first prisoners of the war to Camp Chase. The regiment then marched to Three Forks, scattering a Confederate force, and proceeded to Glenville to reinforce companies of the 7th Ohio Infantry. Detachments conducted expeditions into Gilmer, Calhoun, and Braxton counties to disrupt Confederate organizations. The regiment’s duties included guarding bridges, trestles, and tunnels vital to railroad operations. The 22nd Ohio Infantry (Three Months’ Service) was not attached to any brigade or division and operated independently throughout its service. The regiment was mustered out on August 19, 1861.
Research This Regiment Further
If you’d like to explore this unit’s history in more depth, regimental histories and Civil War reference works offer valuable detail.
Engagements & Campaigns
- Guard and security duty at Parkersburg, (West) Virginia
- Operations at Burning Spring and Elizabethtown
- Skirmish at Three Forks
- March to Glenville and expeditions into Gilmer, Calhoun, and Braxton counties
- Various small skirmishes with Confederate bands
Casualties
- 4 men killed in railroad accident near Raysville, Ohio
- 14 men seriously injured in the same accident (did not return to duty)
- 2 men wounded in action
- No other significant casualties reported
Field Officers & Commanders
- Colonel William E. Gilmore
- Lieutenant Colonel John A. Turley
- Major Julius A. Penn
Regimental Roster
The complete roster of the 22nd Ohio Infantry (Three Months’ Service), including officers and enlisted men, is available for genealogical and historical research. The roster provides details on company assignments, ranks, and service records.
To view the full roster, visit the 22nd Ohio Infantry (Three Months’ Service) Roster page.
Sources & References
- Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. 2
- Ohio Roster Commission, Official Roster of the Soldiers of the State of Ohio in the War of the Rebellion, Vol. 2
- Dyer, Frederick H., A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion
- Federal Publishing Company, The Union Army, Vol. 2 (1908)